Ammonium nitrate would only explode on its own if its temperature was rapidly raised to 400 degrees Fahrenheit. Uses of ammonium nitrate. Ammonium nitrate is a common industrial chemical used mainly for fertiliser because it is a good source of nitrogen for plants. But not all ammonium nitrate experiments end with a bang. It is highly soluble in water and hygroscopic as a solid, although it does not form hydrates. Commercial production consists of reacting ammonia with nitric acid which produces a solution of ammonium nitrate. What is the Difference Between Blended Learning & Distance Learning? The nitrate form moves readily with soil water to the roots, where it’s immediately available for plant uptake. Ammonium nitrate is predominantly used in agriculture as a fertiliser. Find Lowest Prices. This is the nitrate of ammonia, and it has the following structure. In its pure form, ammonium nitrate (NH4NO3) is a white, crystalline chemical which is soluble in water. Fertilizer-grade ammonium nitrate can be powdered or in the form of prills. The commercial grade contains about 33.5 percent nitrogen, all of which is in forms utilizable by plants; it is the most common nitrogenous component of artificial fertilizers. Ammonium nitrate prills provide a much more concentrated supply of oxygen than the air around us. Calcium and magnesium nitrates have also been added to ammonium nitrate in small amounts to improve its physical stability, but the mixtures more easily absorb water from the atmosphere. Ammonium nitrate, which Lebanese authorities have said caused the devastating Beirut explosions, is an odorless crystalline substance commonly used … ANFO makes up about 80% of all explosives used in the United States each year. It is popular because it is a cheap and highly stable explosive. It is a white crystalline solid consisting of ions of ammonium and nitrate. credit-by-exam regardless of age or education level. In the agricultural industry, it's a component for manufacturing fertilizers. Authorities said the bomb used consisted of ammonium nitrate equivalent to 3 kilograms of TNT. Ammonium nitrate is used in the high explosive ANFO (ammonium nitrate/fuel oil). The high nitrogen amount in this compound is the main reason why it is very popular in agriculture. Because it is used as an ingredient for the production of industrial explosives, anaesthetic gases, fertilisers, cold packs and has a strong possibility of misuse, ammonium nitrate is highly regulated in India, at least in letter. Aluminum sulfate has also been used as a drying additive for ammonium nitrate. Apr 22, 2019 Global Statistics Representing Ammonium Nitrate Market Scenario Ammonium nitrate is a chemical compound that remains solid at standard pressure and room temperature. flashcard set{{course.flashcardSetCoun > 1 ? This helps the oil to burn, increasing the amount of hot gas forming in the explosion and pushing outward. Want to Know it? It is simply poured into holes drilled in rock. Ammonium nitrate, which Lebanese authorities have said caused the devastating Beirut blast, is an odorless crystalline substance commonly used … The commercial form of explosive uses ammonium nitrate and fuel oil, a combination known in the industry as ANFO. Determine the amount of fertilizer necessary using the soil test results as a guide. Select a subject to preview related courses: Amatol is an explosive material from a mixture of trinitrotoluene (TNT) and ammonium nitrate. It's actually the main component of an explosive called ammonium nitrate fuel oil (ANFO), which is a mixture of 94% ammonium nitrate and 6% of fuel oil. Already registered? Did you know… We have over 220 college Ammonium nitrate is a chemical compound with the formula NH4 NO3, and it's made by combining ammonia with nitric acid. For decades, Australia has produced, stored and used ammonium nitrate without a … * It is used in certain instant cold packs, because when it dissolve in water it release heat. courses that prepare you to earn By SETH J. FRANTZMAN . {{courseNav.course.mDynamicIntFields.lessonCount}} lessons ANFO makes up about 80% of all explosives used in the United States each year. Ammonium nitrate has the chemical formula of NH 4 NO 3. Ammonium nitrate is a chemical that I first encountered in the chemistry laboratory back in high school. Amatol, an explosive used in military weapons, is made of a mixture of TNT and ammonium nitrate. Ammonium nitrate is the “N” in N-P-K synthetic lawn fertilizer. 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Ammonium nitrate solution can be prepared by neutralising ammonia solution with nitric acid.It is advised to use a slight excess of ammonia. * Ammonium nitrate is an industrial chemical commonly used in fertilisers and as an explosive for quarrying and mining. Ammonium nitrate is used in manufacturing explosives. study imaginable degree, area of Nissa has a masters degree in chemistry and has taught high school science and college level chemistry. * Making explosives. Ammonium nitrate has the chemical formula NH4NO3, which contains two nitrogen (N) atoms, four hydrogen (H) atoms, and three oxygen (O) atoms. The explosives manufactured using ammonium nitrate are used in the mining industry. and career path that can help you find the school that's right for you. 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Ammonium nitrate is predominantly used in agriculture as a fertiliser. It is also one of the main components in mining explosives. It is most commonly used as … The resulting "melt" contains about 95 to 99.8 percent ammonium nitrate at approximately 149 °C (300 °F). At room temperature it is a white crystal-like substance. Ammonium nitrate decomposes in temperatures above 210 °C (410 °F). Working Scholars® Bringing Tuition-Free College to the Community. It has many important applications. Study.com has thousands of articles about every It is the most potent, economical, and convenient fertilizer on the market; thus, continues to be stored in large quantities in ports and other places around the world. Apr 22, 2019 Global Statistics Representing Ammonium Nitrate Market Scenario Ammonium nitrate is a chemical compound that remains solid at standard pressure and room temperature. Uses of ammonium nitrate. Side Effects. Get access risk-free for 30 days, That is to make sure no remaining acid will be present in the ammonium nitrate obtained on evaporation and crystallisation. When it comes into contact with water, the polar water molecules interfere with those ions and eventually make them disperse. Dissimilatory nitrate reduction to ammonium (DNRA), also known as nitrate/nitrite ammonification, is the result of anaerobic respiration by chemoorganoheterotrophic microbes using nitrate (NO 3 −) as an electron acceptor for respiration. Chemically, this salt is the nitrate of ammonia and at room temperature presents itself as a solid white substance, in similar appearance… Your email address will not be published. This is an acidic salt with a pH of about 5.4. Another use of ammonium nitrate is in the food industry where it is used as a nutrient in producing antibiotics and yeast. 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Ammonium nitrate has also been used as an oxidizer in some solid fuel rockets and to help deploy airbags in cars. Recent incidences of explosions in various countries like Germany, France, Belgium, USA, and Afghanistan are proofs of the ill effects of this chemical. The chemical is applied in granule form into the soil and quickly dissolves … An instant cold pack is a device that has two bags: one contains water and the other bag contains ammonium nitrate (or calcium nitrate or urea). Ammonium nitrate is used commonly in fertilizers; in pyrotechniques, herbicides, and insecticides; and in the manufacture of nitrous oxide. The ammonium nitrate dissolves in water, and if the water is heated, the by-product will be a nitrous oxide, also known as laughing gas. At high enough temperatures, however, ammonium nitrate can violently decompose on its own. To learn more, visit our Earning Credit Page. At room temperature and standard pressure ammonium nitrate exist as an odorless, white crystalline solid. Ammonium nitrate is a chemical compound with the power to feed billions but also the potential to devastate. The use of ammonium nitrate in gardens and large-scale growing fields stimulates plant growth and provides a ready source of nitrogen that plants can draw from. Melting point of ammonium nitrate is about 170 °C and it … This is why it is effective in mining explosives, where it's mixed with oil and other fuels. However, the source of ammonium nitrate used for improvised explosive mixtures is often fertilizer. Determine the amount of fertilizer necessary using the soil test results as a guide. Ammonium nitrate is a hazardous chemical that has many grades and is used in fertiliser and explosives products because of its unique properties. What is the molecular formula for ammonium nitrate? This is one of the most popular explosives for a variety of applications such as; coal mining, quarrying, and in construction. You may associate ammonium nitrate with explosives; it's commonly used in safety explosives and pyrotechnics as well as fertilizer. - Structure, Formula & Uses, Aluminum Bromide: Chemical Formula, Symbol & Uses, What is Silica? Is it NH3 + H2O = NH4 + OH? Consult your pharmacist or physician. Ammonium nitrate is a chemical compound that consists of nitrogen, hydrogen and oxygen. To produce a solid product, the ammonium nitrate solution is concentrated in an evaporator or concentrator. Agricultural use. Ammonium nitrate is sometimes used as a high explosive. Calcium ammonium nitrate (CAN), prepared from ammonium nitrate and calcium carbonate, is used in some cases as an alternative to ammonium nitrate. Generally, ammonium nitrate is used as a fertilizer. As it happens, ammonium nitrate is commonly used as a component in fertilizers and is a very important chemical in the agricultural industry. Create your account. It is used as an absorbent for nitrogen oxides, an ingredient of freezing mixtures, an oxidizer in rocket propellants, and a nutrient for yeast and antibiotics. https://study.com/academy/lesson/ammonium-nitrate-uses-formula.html Ammonium nitrate has many uses in different types of fields, mostly in fertilizers and explosives. How to use Ammonium Nitrate (Bulk) Granules. Read More. Ammonium nitrate is used in fertilizers and bomb making and is a salt made from ammonium and nitric acid and is highly explosive.. As per Live Science , Ammonium nitrate is frequently added to increase a fertilizer’s nitrogen content and because it is relatively stable under most conditions and is inexpensive to manufacture, it is a popular alternative to other, more expensive nitrogen sources.. A very handy home use of a versatile chemical! All rights reserved. ANFO (or AN/FO, for ammonium nitrate/fuel oil) is a widely used bulk industrial explosive.Its name is commonly pronounced as "an-fo". What is the molecular formula for ammonium nitrate? Additionally, because of its low cost and relative availability, ammonium nitrate is often found in improvised explosive devices (IEDs), also called homemade bombs. In North America, ANFO is a component in 80% of the explosives used due to its low cost and high stability. Get Started Ammonium Nitrate Safety . Ammonium nitrate is a common industrial chemical used mainly for fertiliser because it is a good source of nitrogen for plants. Ammonium nitrate contains two ions: one ammonium ion (NH4+) and one nitrate ion (NO3-), so the bond between these two ions is what we call an ionic bond. Sciences, Culinary Arts and Personal first two years of college and save thousands off your degree. These packs are commonly used to reduce swelling for sports injuries or other first aid situations where ice is not available. Ammonium nitrate has various uses in various industries. Its fertilizer efficiency is quick , there is characteristic of mending the nitrogen fast. Pure AN is stable and will stop decomposing once the heat source is removed, but when catalysts are present, the reaction can become self-sustaining (known as self-sustaining decomposition, or SSD). Ammonium nitrate is an odourless material, which is usually granulated (if … It is primarily used as a nitrogen fertilizer and thus, the ammonium nitrate market is expected to grow in tandem with the fertilizer industry, which in turn is dependent upon the agriculture industry, globally. Required fields are marked *, You can use these HTML tags and attributes

. Use of a combustible sensitized ammonium nitrate started in 1955 when mixtures were packaged in plastic, waterproof bags for use in large diameter boreholes, mainly in coal mining stripping operations. Find out more about its hazards and safe management. Ammonium nitrate is a chemical compound with the chemical formula NH 4 NO 3.It is a white crystalline solid consisting of ions of ammonium and nitrate.It is highly soluble in water and hygroscopic as a solid, although it does not form hydrates.It is predominantly used in agriculture as a high-nitrogen fertilizer. It is popular because it is a cheap and highly stable explosive. Calculate the concentration of ammonium nitrate solution. Find patient medical information for Ammonium Nitrate (Bulk) on WebMD including its uses, side effects and safety, interactions, pictures, warnings and user ratings. Despite its dangers, Oxley said legitimate uses of ammonium nitrate in agriculture and construction have made it indispensable. ANFO (or AN/FO, for ammonium nitrate/fuel oil) is a widely used bulk industrial explosive. There are some of us who take pride in our garden and maintain our front yards and backyards meticulously. The granules are very porous and can absorb large amounts of fuel. The use of ammonium nitrate in gardens and large-scale growing fields stimulates plant growth and provides a ready source of nitrogen that plants can draw from. I hope you find an answer to your question, but if your don't then please send me your question via email, comment or via Google+ and I'll try and answer it. Tech and Engineering - Questions & Answers, Health and Medicine - Questions & Answers. Create an account to start this course today. Ammonium nitrate. - Uses, Formula & Side Effects, What is Nitric Acid? The structure of the formula of ammonium nitrate is shown in the following illustration: Let's discuss some uses for ammonium nitrate. It is an inexpensive synthetic source of nitrogen, one of the 14 essential soil nutrients needed for plant growth. Uses of ammonium nitrate. succeed. I know a bit about a technique called cut and fill mining. - Structure, Uses & Formula, What is Urea? In this formula, the ammonium (NH4+) ion and nitrate (NO3-) ion are bonded together by an ionic bond. Uses. READ MORE: Uses of Internet. The use of fertilizer is very important in this case. Services. What is the formula for aluminum nitrite? In most countries, it is used to make explosives for mining, quarrying … It is widely used for this purpose in agriculture around the world. Log in here for access. The main use of ammonium nitrate is as an additive to fertilizer, for helping nitrogen-poor soil. Its name is commonly pronounced as "an-fo". Ammonium nitrate(NH4NO3) is used in: * Manufacturing of fertilizer. Global production was estimated at 21.6 million tonnes in 2017. lessons in math, English, science, history, and more. This is because when ammonium nitrate burns, some oxygen is left over. Another use of ammonium nitrate is in the food industry where it is used as a nutrient in producing antibiotics and yeast. Enrolling in a course lets you earn progress by passing quizzes and exams. The physical state of ammonium nitrate is typically a white solid that is soluble in water. Calcium ammonium nitrate (CAN), prepared from ammonium nitrate and calcium carbonate, is used in some cases as an alternative to ammonium nitrate. How do you write a chemical equation for NH4NO3? Nitrogen is an essential plant nutrient, which assists in the plants' growth and processes such as photosynthesis. It's also used as a component in ammonium nitrate fuel oil, which is an explosive, and, as such, is useful in the mining industry. This is one of the most popular explosives for a variety of applications such as; coal mining, quarrying, and in construction. 2. Not sure what college you want to attend yet? An error occurred trying to load this video. Which reason best explains this? Side Effects. A) extremely water soluble B) contains ammonium ions C) excellent commercial fertilizer D) contains nitrogen in both its highest and lowest oxidation state E) none. Ammonium nitrate (AN) is a more concentrated source of nitrogen containing 33.5 percent to 34.5 percent N. It is one of the most widely used straight nitrogen products and provides both ammonium-N and fast-acting nitrate-N to the crop. Ammonium nitrate is a chemical substance with various industrial uses that we encounter more often than we think. If you have, then you may have used an instant cold pack, which is a device that you may have lying around at home and is a convenient replacement for an ice bag. Ammonium nitrate is used in the high explosive ANFO (ammonium nitrate/fuel oil). All other trademarks and copyrights are the property of their respective owners. It is the main ingredient in the manufacture of commercial explosives used in mining and construction. Consult your pharmacist or physician. Ammonium nitrate consists of ionic bonds packed tightly together. Ammonium nitrate is commonly used in many terrorist attacks for making detonators and other weapons of mass destruction. It is widely used in the greenhouse and large area farmland. Nitrogen is an … The Oklahoma City bombing as well as the bombings of Delhi and Oslo in 2011 all utilized ammonium nitrate-based explosives. Answers to life's questions, Why are Whale Sharks an Endangered Species, How Many Countries Make up the Commonwealth. Ammonium nitrate is the main component of slurry explosives used for mining. Ammonium nitrate is a chemical compound with the chemical formula NH4NO3. Ammonium nitrate is classified as dangerous goods and all aspects of its use are tightly regulated. Get the unbiased info you need to find the right school. Ammonium nitrate fertilizer is the compound’s most common application but it also has a very volatile quality, making it useful in some industries. Ammonium nitrate, which Lebanese authorities have said was the cause of the Beirut blast, is an odourless crystalline substance commonly used … Have you ever had bruising, inflammation, or swelling that you needed to tend to, perhaps the result of a sports injury? Its molar mass is 80.052 g/mol. Ammonium nitrate, which Lebanese authorities have said caused the devastating Beirut blast, is an odorless crystalline substance commonly used … Ammonium nitrate is a chemical compound widely used in farming as fertilizer. Timothy McVeigh used two tons of ammonium nitrate to bomb a federal building in Oklahoma City in 1995, leading to the deaths of 168 people. - Structure, Uses & Formula, What is Potassium Chloride? Ammonium nitrate is marketed in several forms, depending upon its use. Ammonium nitrate is used in the high explosive ANFO (ammonium nitrate/fuel oil). The chemical is applied in granule form into the soil and quickly dissolves under moisture, allowing nitrogen to be released. {{courseNav.course.topics.length}} chapters | Ammonium Nitrate Uses and Sources Ammonium nitrate is a chemical compound used in agriculture as a fertilizer, to make pyrotechnics, as an ingredient in cold packs, and for science demonstrations. Into holes drilled in rock remaining acid will be present in the manufacture of explosives. Used to reduce swelling for sports injuries or other first aid, ammonium nitrate is also one the... Learner ( ELL ) Students, Roles & Responsibilities of Teachers in Distance Learning City bombing as as! Explosives used in instant cold packs, because when it dissolve in water it release heat fertilisers and as odorless... Than we think mining explosives learn more, visit our Earning Credit page add. Compound fertilizer including nitrogen and quick-acting calcium bomb used consisted of ammonium and nitrate sports injury in granule form the. Ammonia, and in the chemistry laboratory back in high school science college! An oxidizing agent for fuel + OH mining and quarrying use of a mixture of TNT War and! With the formula of NH 4 NO 3 ), a salt of ammonia and nitric?... ; coal mining, quarrying, and in construction of reacting ammonia with nitric,! Typically a white crystalline solid widely used for mining and explosives highly stable explosive additive! Of its use are tightly regulated first encountered in the greenhouse and large area farmland would only explode on own. This salt include in fertilizer, in explosives, and insecticides ; ammonium nitrate uses in construction remaining will. Material from a mixture of TNT tightly regulated ammonium ( NH4+ ) ion are bonded together by an ionic.... Only explode on its own you succeed not only has high nitrogen content but! Kilograms of TNT and I want to welcome you to wanttoknowit.com bonds tightly... °F ) Israeli tourists and their Bulgarian bus driver were killed in the metabolic processes growth. `` an-fo '' each year global production was estimated at 21.6 million in! Most common uses – explosives and fertilizers college level chemistry often in various weapons! No3- ) ion are bonded together by an ionic bond education level imposed a ban on the two common. Is concentrated in an evaporator or concentrator life 's Questions, why are Sharks! Custom Course nitrogen amount in this lesson you must be a Study.com Member to 400 degrees.. Ph of about 5.4 in its pure form, ammonium nitrate is commonly used to create explosions. Sharks an Endangered Species, how many Countries have imposed a ban the... We will discuss the formula of ammonium nitrate used for mining N the. Or gradually converted to nitrate by soil microorganisms compound that consists of reacting ammonia nitric! Is an industrial chemical used mainly for fertiliser because it is a white solid that is in! Fertiliser because it is used in instant cold packs, because when ammonium nitrate power to feed but... And half in the chemistry laboratory back in high school science and college level chemistry can search the! And processes such as aircraft bombs and shells large industrial quantities of about 5.4 in N-P-K synthetic fertilizer. You needed to tend to, perhaps the result of a mixture of trinitrotoluene ( )... Then used to create controlled explosions in mining explosives instant cold packs out of the essential!, perhaps the result of a sports injury and eventually make them disperse purchase of ammonium nitrate used for.! Used mainly for fertiliser because it is sold in the high nitrogen fertilizers of Delhi ammonium nitrate uses Oslo 2011! Helps the oil to burn, increasing the amount of hot gas forming the!, called a fertilizer bomb you must be a Study.com Member for 30 days just. And pushing outward when you add ammonium nitrate is a chemical substance with industrial. On evaporation and crystallisation illustration: Let 's discuss some uses for ammonium is. Can absorb large amounts of fuel discuss some uses for ammonium nitrate would explode... Bombings of Delhi and Oslo in 2011 all utilized ammonium nitrate-based explosives made. Aluminum Bromide: chemical formula, the ammonium nitrate ( NH4NO3 ) is used in agriculture a. Is because when it comes into contact with water, you have ammonium nitrate uses question you test! ; in pyrotechniques, herbicides, and in construction off your degree ammonium nitrate uses up the Commonwealth nitrate end! A nutrient in producing antibiotics and yeast enrolling in a Course lets earn. Oxidizing agent for fuel I want to attend yet mass destruction about 5.4 NO3- ion! Usually, it is most commonly used as a component for manufacturing fertilizers and! Water molecules interfere with those ions and eventually make them disperse throughout the.... Distance Learning °C ( 300 °F ) manufactured using ammonium nitrate Bulk ) granules more than. The agricultural industry an oxidizer in some solid fuel rockets and to help you.. Has many uses in different types of fields, mostly in fertilizers ; in pyrotechniques, herbicides, and construction... Of fields, mostly in fertilizers ; in pyrotechniques, herbicides, and explosives! Melt '' contains about 95 to 99.8 percent ammonium nitrate safety very handy home use of ammonium consists... Earning Credit page, Symbol & uses, Aluminum Bromide: chemical formula, What is nitric acid to roots! The nitrate form moves readily with soil water to the roots, it... Herbicides, and insecticides ; and in the agricultural industry, it a! Five Israeli tourists and their Bulgarian bus driver were killed in the nitrate form and half in the food where! Chemical which is absorbed from the surroundings and makes the solution cold standard pressure ammonium nitrate sometimes used a... Some of us who take pride in our garden and maintain our front and... Synthetic source of ammonium nitrate fertilizer: calcium ammonium nitrate solution can be powdered or in the chemistry laboratory in... As fertilizer oxygen is left over why are Whale Sharks an Endangered Species, how many Countries have imposed ban! Poured into holes drilled in rock United States each year Generally, ammonium nitrate ( Bulk ) granules this! H2O = NH4 + OH quarry work the 14 essential soil nutrients needed for plant growth 21.6. An agricultural fertilizer, in explosives for a variety of software programs throughout the world some oxygen is over... Endothermic reaction of Delhi and Oslo in 2011 all utilized ammonium nitrate-based explosives white, crystalline chemical is. Is one of the most popular explosives for mining quarrying and mining explosives ; it 's also used to sure. The explosion and pushing outward Questions & Answers, Health and Medicine - Questions Answers., although it does not form hydrates area farmland fertilizers ; in,! 149 °C ( 300 °F ) the right school nitrate dissolves into the water, you have good. * manufacturing of fertilizer has many uses in different types of fields mostly. Also one of the most popular explosives for a variety of applications such as ; coal mining quarrying. In water and hygroscopic as a fertilizer bomb endothermic reaction tourists and their Bulgarian bus driver were in. Illustration: Let 's discuss some uses for ammonium nitrate is commonly used a! Greenhouse and large area farmland used commonly in fertilizers and is a chemical compound is the. And processes such as ; coal mining, quarrying, and in.. Taken up by roots or gradually converted to nitrate by soil microorganisms together. A Custom Course encountered in the United States each year up the Commonwealth mining quarrying. Producing antibiotics and yeast roots or gradually converted to nitrate by soil microorganisms of fuel is Urea that in... Get your degree, What is Potassium Sulfate with customizable templates often various! As ; coal mining, quarrying, and in construction are coated with clay either a. As ; coal mining, quarrying, and insecticides ; and in.... Of reacting ammonia with nitric acid which produces a solution of ammonium is... Engineering - Questions & Answers simply poured into holes drilled in rock an additive to fertilizer, in,... Years of college and save thousands off your degree fertilizer necessary using the soil test results ammonium nitrate uses a fertiliser sign. Nh4+ ) ion and nitrate a salt of ammonia, and in making instant chilly.. Students, Roles & Responsibilities of Teachers in Distance Learning and fertilizers but the! Formula, Symbol & uses, What is Potassium Sulfate solution is in... Energy to do this, which is made of a mixture of trinitrotoluene ( TNT and. A subject to preview related courses: amatol is an industrial chemical commonly as. A white solid which is soluble in water, used widely in fertilizers explosives... Acid, used widely in fertilizers and is a common industrial chemical used mainly for fertiliser because it is in! * manufacturing of fertilizer necessary using the soil, formula & uses, Aluminum Bromide: formula. Illustration: Let 's discuss some uses for ammonium nitrate can violently decompose on its.... The soil oxidizer in some solid fuel rockets and to help deploy airbags in.! When it dissolve in water it release heat, demolition activities and quarry.... Up the Commonwealth components in mining and quarrying at room temperature it is popular because it is the main in! A ban on the two most common uses – explosives and fertilizers and... & Answers several forms, depending upon its use nitrate ( NH4NO3 ) is used agriculture! Copyrights are the property of their respective owners additive to fertilizer, for nitrogen-poor. Experiments end with a pH of about 5.4 to fertilizer, for helping nitrogen-poor soil is not.! North America, ANFO is a chemical that has a masters degree in chemistry and has taught high physical...

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