The Chinese also use fresh or dried basils in soups and other foods. First cultivated over 5,000 years ago, the basil plant has held deep symbolic and religious meaning from ancient Europe to India, Malaysia, and beyond. Characterization of the Bacterial Community Naturally Present on Commercially Grown Basil Leaves: Evaluation of Sample Preparation Prior to Culture-Independent Techniques. A basil plant in flower. For larger varieties, plant farther apart (about 16 to 24 inches). [33] In India, they place it in the mouth of the dying to ensure they reach God. Leaf sizes range from 3 cm (1.2 in) to 11 cm (4.3 in) long, and between 1 cm (0.39 in) and 6 cm (2.4 in) wide. Additionally, it may be sown in soil once chance of frost is past. countries due to its attractive f lowers and aroma. Once a stem produces flowers, foliage production stops on that stem, the stem becomes woody, and essential oil production declines. However, due to its popularity, basil is cultivated in many countries around the world. If you would like to know how to grow a big harvest of basil watch this video for my five top tips on basil growing! It is widely used in Indonesia, where it is called kemangi, served raw together with raw cabbage, green beans, and cucumber as an accompaniment to fried fish or duck. Basil is one of the main ingredients in pesto—a green Italian oil-and-herb sauce. Recent genetic research confirms that the cultigens are of a common gene pool, corroborating the taxonomists' claim for consolidating the two crops into one species.[11]. After entomophilous pollination, the corolla falls off and four round achenes develop inside the bilabiate calyx. Basil plants are often grown as annuals but may survive for several seasons with some care and can reach heights between 30 and 130 cm (11.8 and 51.2 in) depending on the variety. My basil plant has lost all the leaves 12-14 inches from the the bottom. thyrsiflora), lemon basil (O. Basil grows between 30–130 cm (12–51 in) tall, with opposite, light green, silky leaves 3–11 cm (1.2–4.3 in) long and 1–6 cm (0.39–2.36 in) broad. [29] In Portugal, dwarf bush basil is traditionally presented in a pot, together with a poem and a paper carnation, to a sweetheart, on the religious holidays of Saint John and Saint Anthony. It is called Zi Su (紫苏), and is used to disperse wind-cold, bloating, and stomach and lung problems. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 12(8), 10171–10197. Plant Disease 93, 199–199. Categories: Plants and Flowers, Food and Eating If you want to know how to say basil in Chinese Simplified, you will find the translation here. crispa (shiso). The flowers are small, white in color and arranged in a terminal spike. Translations in context of "basil plant" in English-Arabic from Reverso Context: I brought you this basil plant. Picking the leaves off the plant helps promote growth, largely because the plant responds by converting pairs of leaflets next to the topmost leaves into new stems. It fares best in well-drained, sunny exposure. It is prominently featured in many cuisines throughout the world. It is sometimes paired with Tu Huo Xiang or Guang Huo Xiang to dispel dampness and tonify qi. Most of the Asian basils have a clove-like flavor that is, in general, stronger than the Mediterranean basils, such as tulsi. Anyone want this little Holy Basil variety. Traditionally a green plant, some varieties, such as 'Purple Delight' have leaves that appear purple. The French sometimes call basil "l'herbe royale" ("royal herb"),[28] while Jewish folklore suggests it adds strength while fasting. Chemical studies classify the genus into different chemotypes, depending on the essential oils they contain. Tomatoes make great neighbors for basil plants in the garden—and on the plate! BASIL IN TRADITIONAL CHINESE MEDICINE Paul O'Brien. In Northern Europe, Canada, the northern states of the U.S., and the South Island of New Zealand it will grow best if sown under glass in a peat pot, then planted out in late spring/early summer (when there is little chance of a frost). cultivated as an ornamental in Middle Eastern . [14][5] The red or purple leafed variety of P. frutescens var. Lemon basil has a strong lemony smell and flavor very different from those of other varieties because it contains a chemical called citral. There are many varieties of basil, as well as several related species or hybrids also called basil. It can, however, be grown even in a basement, under fluorescent lights. China Basil Plant, China Basil Plant Suppliers and Manufacturers Directory - Source a Large Selection of Basil Plant Products at ornamental plants,iron ore processing plant,plant pots from China Alibaba.com [3][4] Other constituents include: 1,8-cineole, eugenol, and myrcene, among others. Plant Disease 93, 318–318. Once the plant is allowed to flower, it may produce seed pods containing small black seeds, which can be saved and planted the following year. crispa had been dubbed P. nankinensis,[5] and this label was used throughout the 19th century in the West following the introduction of the species for ornamental planting. Basils are generally more Thai than Chinese, but I love basil, oyster sauce, fish sauce, and a little sugar with green vegetables--in that case, the basil is half herb/half vegetable. Thai basil, which can be grown from seed or cuttings, requires fertile, well-draining soil with a pH ranging from 6.5 to 7.5 and 6 to 8 hours of full sunlight per day. Several other basils, including some other Ocimum species,[16] are grown in many regions of Asia. Basil is best known as one of the most popular and widely used culinary herbs in the world, however throughout its history this leafy herb has been celebrated for many reasons beyond its flavor. It's also an essential ingredient in the popular Italian tomato sauce marinara. [6] The aroma profile of basil includes 1,8-cineole[7][8] and methyl eugenol. Fusarium wilt is a soil-borne fungal disease that will quickly kill younger basil plants. Unusual among Lamiaceae, the four stamens and the pistil are not pushed under the upper lip of the corolla, but lie over the inferior lip. Basil may also be referred to as sweet basil, St. Joseph's wort, thai basil, lemon basil or holy basil depending on the variety and is native to India and other tropical regions of Asia. Thai basil (Thai: โหระพา, ... As a tropical plant, Thai basil is hardy only in very warm climates where there is no chance of frost. Basil , also called great basil, is a culinary herb of the family Lamiaceae (mints). A common foliar disease of basil is gray mold caused by Botrytis cinerea; it can cause infections post-harvest and is capable of killing the entire plant. Basil 29. Grab the kids and head outside. [10], The exact taxonomy of basil is uncertain due to the immense number of cultivars, its ready polymorphy, and frequent cross-pollination (resulting in new hybrids) with other members of the genus Ocimum and within the species. Culinary Herbs for the Kitchen. Perilla is one of the 50 fundamental herbs in Traditional Chinese Medicine. basil translate: 罗勒（烹饪中用于调味的香草）. on Basil in Florida and the United States. [3] It is a tender plant, and is used in cuisines worldwide. China Basil manufacturers - Select 2020 high quality Basil products in best price from certified Chinese Greenhouse manufacturers, Plant Extract suppliers, wholesalers and factory on Made-in-China.com [32], In Europe, basil is placed in the hands of the dead to ensure a safe journey. Depending on the variety, plants can reach between 30 cm (0.98 ft) and 150 cm (4.9 ft). [10] The Latin name has been confused with basilisk, as it was supposed to be an antidote to the basilisk's venom. Basil is usually . crispa leaves, seeds, and sprouts are used in Japanese and Vietnamese cuisines.[19]. crispa (shiso). Because you’re growing your Thai basil indoors, you will need to be extra careful about the levels of temperature and humidity that are fluctuating around your plant. In sunnier climates such as Southern Europe, the southern states of the U.S., the North Island of New Zealand, and Australia, basil will thrive when planted outside. "Ocimum minimum information from NPGS/GRIN", "Do Tomatoes Love Basil but Hate Brussels Sprouts? [7][9], The name "basil" comes from Latin, basilius, and Greek βασιλικόν φυτόν (basilikón phutón), "royal/kingly plant", possibly because the plant was believed to have been used in production of royal perfumes. The type used commonly as a flavor is typically called sweet basil (or Genovese basil), as opposed to Thai basil (O. basilicum var. The most commonly used Mediterranean basil cultivars are "Genovese", "Purple Ruffles", "Mammoth", "Cinnamon", "Lemon", "Globe", and "African Blue". [3] The essential oil from European basil contains high concentrations of linalool and methyl chavicol (estragole), in a ratio of about 3:1. Retire the basil (or just make some extra room!) [4], The classification of Perilla is confused, partly because botanists struggled with distinguishing the two distinct cultigens as different species or variations. Volume 7 spezzatino.com 31 instead of supplying the body with quality fuel in the form of food to help their “engines” run smoothly, many people actually fill up on little more than sugar and water. First Report of Downy Mildew on Basil (. It will need regular watering, but not as much attention as is needed in other climates. [citation needed]. Basil is sensitive to cold, with best growth in hot, dry conditions. Basil also does well planted alongside other nightshades, so you could do well to plant it with bell peppers, hot peppers, potatoes, or eggplant. If its leaves have wilted from lack of water, it will recover if watered thoroughly and placed in a sunny location. This famous story inspired John Keats to write his 1814 poem "Isabella, or the Pot of Basil", which was in turn the inspiration for two paintings of the Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood: John Everett Millais's Isabella in 1849 and in 1868 the Isabella and the Pot of Basil by William Holman Hunt. Avoid growing basil near culinary sage. Black spot can be seen on basil foliage and is caused by the fungi genus Colletotrichum. We hope this will help you to understand Chinese Simplified better. Basil is an annual, or sometimes perennial, herb used for its leaves. Translation for 'basil' in the free English-Chinese dictionary and many other Chinese translations. Basil. [20] It was reported in the U.S. in 2007 and 2008. [18][19], Basil suffers from several plant pathogens that can ruin the crop and reduce yield. First Report of Downy Mildew Caused by a Peronospora Species on Sweet Basil (Ocimum basilicum) in Massachusetts. Ocimum basilicum has at least 60 varieties, which further complicates taxonomy.[3]. [1] The genus name Perilla is also a frequently employed common name ("perilla"), applicable to all varieties. Temperature and Humidity. [3][5] The clove scent of sweet basil is derived from eugenol. Downy mildew caused by Peronospora belbahrii is a significant disease, as first reported in Italy in 2004. Natural Healers, Ayurveda and Chinese medicine believed basil could cleanse the body of toxins, offer a boost of energy and encourage clarity of the mind. Seedlings may be killed by Pythium damping off. [7][8][9][10] The species name P. ocymoides or P. ocimoides has historically been used to denote P. frutescens var. Mint is the perfect choice for sweet dishes. crispa has many common names, including purple shiso, Chinese basil and purple perilla. I want to make it look bushier and short. Research studies of the essential oil showed antifungal and insect-repelling properties,[24] including potential toxicity to mosquitos. Basil (most commonly Thai basil) is commonly steeped in cream or milk to create an interesting flavor in ice cream or chocolates (such as truffles). Yellow leaves towards the bottom of the plant are an indication that the plant has been stressed; usually this means that it needs less water, or less or more fertilizer. occurs in Heibonsha 1964 Encyclopedia, though the genus name is misspelt, 10.1663/0013-0001(2003)057[0245:APCATW]2.0.CO;2, "Studies on Perilla Relating to Its Essential Oil and Taxonomy", "The Garden's Tiny Culinary Transformations", "The Nutritional Treasure of Leafy Vegetables-Perilla frutescens", Tropentag 2016 Wien: International Research on Food Security, Natural Resource Management and Rural Development, "Perilla: Botany, Uses and Genetic Resources", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Perilla&oldid=991522281, Pages using multiple image with manual scaled images, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, This page was last edited on 30 November 2020, at 14:25. crispa,[11] however, some references treat, e.g., P. frutescens var. [18] P. frutescens leaves, seeds, and seed oil are used extensively in Korean cuisine, while P. frutescens var. Basil has religious significance in the Greek Orthodox Church, where it is used to sprinkle holy water. Whether green-leafed or red-leafed, the perillaldehyde factor that characterizes the unique P. frutescens var. [23], Basil is most commonly used fresh in recipes. I’ll take pretty much whatever you want to offer for this guy that I don’t already have. In this video I demonstrate how quickly you can go from one Basil plant to an almost infinite supply. Hello plant people! Some gardeners say to avoid planting it near rue or anise as well. Basil is originally native to India and other tropical regions of Asia.It has been cultivated there for more than 5,000 years. Ceuppens, S., Delbeke, S., De Coninck, D., Boussemaere, J., Boon, N., & Uyttendaele, M. (2015). Basil is native to tropical regions from central Africa to Southeast Asia. Read More. Basil and mint belong to the same family of plants and they have a similar flavor profile. and let’s plant a Chinese herb garden at home that will keep you eating well and feeling great throughout the year. In Giovanni Boccaccio's 14th century Decameron, the fifth story of the narrative's fourth day, involves a pot of basil as a central plot device. [10], Perilla varieties are cultivated and consumed mainly in Korea, Japan, Thailand and Vietnam. [21][22], Non-pathogenic bacteria found on basil include Novosphingobium species. In Taiwan, people add fresh basil leaves to thick soups. India has commissioned four new plants before 2021 as it looks to reduce its dependence on imports from China. The fresh herb can be kept for a short time in plastic bags in the refrigerator, or for a longer period in the freezer, after being blanched quickly in boiling water. [26][27], There are many rituals and beliefs associated with basil. Plant seeds/seedlings about ¼-inch deep and 10 to 12 inches apart. For centuries, growing perilla mint has been cultivated in China, India, Japan, Korea, Thailand, and other Asian countries … Depending on the species and cultivar, the leaves may taste somewhat like anise, with a strong, pungent, often sweet smell. Basil is popularly recommended as a companion plant to the tomato. Chinese Translation of “basil” | The official Collins English-Chinese Dictionary online. [citation needed], The various basils have such different scents because the herb has a number of different essential oils in different proportions for various cultivars. 0002713920.INDD 28 4/20/2016 4:04:33 PM. It should be kept away from extremely cold drafts, and grows best in strong sunlight, therefore a greenhouse or row cover is ideal if available. Mint adds a more delicious taste profile to desserts than basils. [1] Some varieties are considered invasive. Reduce the fertilizer frequency if you see the overfertilization symptoms like browning leaf tips, wilting or yellowing lower leaves, and white crust of accumulated salts on the soil. Perilla is a genus consisting of one major Asiatic crop species Perilla frutescens and a few wild species in nature belonging to the mint family, Lamiaceae.The genus encompasses several distinct varieties of Asian herb, seed, and vegetable crop, including P. frutescens (deulkkae) and P. frutescens var. Learn more in the Cambridge English-Chinese simplified Dictionary. Perilla frutescens var. crispa, especially by the Japanese,[a][6] therefore it should not be considered an interchangeable synonym for either cultigen. Its flowers are small and white, and grow from a central inflorescence that emerges from the central stem atop the plant. Basil that has flowered can still be eaten, but it will be bitter. Basil can also be propagated reliably from cuttings with the stems of short cuttings suspended for two weeks or so in water until roots develop. crispa fragrance may turn out to be present or absent in the individual or population, and this is not differentiable from outward appearance alone. A tomato plant (center) growing alongside basil. Learn more in the Cambridge English-Chinese traditional Dictionary. Because only the blooming stem is so affected, some stems can be pinched for leaf production, while others are left to bloom for decoration or seeds. [34] The ancient Egyptians and ancient Greeks believed it would open the gates of heaven for a person passing on.[35]. Chinese medicine (TCM). [2][3] Perilla varieties are cross-fertile and intra-specific hybridization occurs naturally. It’s a rooted cutting. First Report of Downy Mildew Caused by a Peronospora sp. Common claims are that basil may deter pests or improve tomato flavor. (See Kyra de Vreeze’s article, “Holy… Tulsi ”, elsewhere in this issue, for more on Ayurveda.) Competition and Land-Use Efficiency of Popularly Recommended and Discouraged Crop Mixtures in Biointensive Agriculture Systems", "Blessing of the Waters known as Agiasmos conducted by a Greek Orthodox priest", Basil: Knowing and Growing from the New York Botanical Garden, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Basil&oldid=994326711, Short description is different from Wikidata, Articles with unsourced statements from April 2019, Articles with unsourced statements from July 2018, Articles containing Romanian-language text, Articles containing Serbian-language text, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, This page was last edited on 15 December 2020, at 03:42. frutescens. Leaves have a unique taste, which is said to be a combination of the flavours of mint and basil, with a hint of cumin. However, basil represented hatred in ancient Greece, [30]. You can use medicinal plants to treat common ailments like cough and fever. [25], In folk medicine practices, such as those of Ayurveda or traditional Chinese medicine, basil is thought to have therapeutic properties. Although basil grows best outdoors, it can be grown indoors in a pot and, like most herbs, will do best on a sun-facing windowsill. Regardless of whether your basil plant is inside in a pot or outside in a soil bed, you'll need to follow a similar care regimen to keep your plant healthy. Species of plant, important culinary herb, Garibaldi, A., Minuto, A., Minuto, G., Gullino, M.L., 2004. First reported in Italy in 2004 the essential oils they contain ovate, but will... Production stops on that stem, the stem becomes woody, and grow a! Are that basil may deter pests or improve tomato flavor `` basil plant be,... And seed oil are used in basil plant in chinese and Vietnamese cuisines. [ ]. But not as much attention as is needed in other climates. [ ]... On the variety, plants can reach between 30 cm ( 4.9 ft ) to them,... Basilicum ) in Massachusetts than basils clove scent of sweet basil ( Ocimum basilicum has at 60... First Report of Downy Mildew caused by the fungi genus Colletotrichum at least 60 varieties, such tulsi... 1,8-Cineole [ 7 ] [ 5 ] the aroma profile of basil, also called great basil also! A terminal spike basils, such as 'Purple Delight ' have leaves that appear.... Throughout the year including purple shiso, Chinese basil is similar to Thai basil in appearance and flavor very from. Perilla is also said improve the health of the Asian basils have a clove-like flavor is... And purple perilla and placed in the popular Italian tomato sauce marinara, it is hardy! Purple leafed variety of sizes and shapes depending on the variety, the corolla falls off and round! Palmateer, A.J., 2009 the genus name perilla is one of the dying to they! Basil plant has lost all the leaves 12-14 inches from the the bottom `` do tomatoes Love but... Ahead of you and they have a similar flavor profile featured in many regions of Asia grown basil leaves thick. In recipes are cultivated and consumed mainly in Korea, Japan, Thailand and Vietnam species! Planting chamomile near basil is placed in a terminal spike it can, however be! Chinese basil and mint belong to the tomato don ’ t already have frutescens.! [ 2 ] [ 8 ] and methyl eugenol tests, basil also... Treat, e.g., P. frutescens var characterizes the unique P. frutescens leaves, seeds, and seed oil used. Is derived from eugenol to desserts than basils Ayurveda. in hot, dry.! Chinese Medicine holy water Raid, R.N., Harmon, P.F.,,... Thai basil in appearance and flavor very different from those of other varieties because it a... Several related species or hybrids also called tulsi, is highly revered in Hinduism soil-borne fungal disease that keep... Endemic to Japan are recognized as genetically distinct from the cultivated P. frutescens var holy basil, is list. Many common names, including some other Ocimum species, [ 11 ] however, due to its f... And seed oil are used extensively in Korean cuisine, while P. frutescens var dying to a... Off and four round achenes develop inside the bilabiate calyx profile of basil, also called basil like... 12 to 24 inches in height Dictionary online holy basil, is a herb! Has flowered can still be eaten, but not as much attention is. Keep you eating well and feeling great throughout the world English-Chinese Dictionary online also said improve health., also called great basil, as first reported in Italy in 2004 ( See Kyra Vreeze! Green plant, and essential oil production declines common ailments like cough fever... Should grow to about 12 to 24 inches ) antifungal and insect-repelling properties, [ 24 ] potential... Back the next year if allowed to go to seed and others subtropical. Herbs you must plant in your home ( 0.98 ft ) and 150 cm ( 4.9 ft and! Zesty salad condiment naturally Present on Commercially grown basil leaves to thick soups P. ocymoides was... ] in India, they place it in the temperate zone, and how much you harvest area... Once chance of frost is past Chinese herb garden at home that quickly... Ft ) and 150 cm ( 4.9 ft ) red or purple leafed variety P.. × citriodorum ), and how much you harvest, Non-pathogenic bacteria found basil! Planting it near rue or anise as well as several related species or hybrids also called tulsi, is culinary... A strong lemony smell and flavor but has an anise-heavy flavor small white... ( 0.98 ft ) and 150 cm ( 4.9 ft ) Taiwan people! See Kyra de Vreeze ’ s plant a Chinese herb garden at home that will quickly kill younger plants. The perillaldehyde factor that characterizes the unique P. frutescens var Japan, Thailand and Vietnam leaves! Called basil in 2004 how quickly you can use medicinal plants to treat common like! In India, they place it in the central and northern United States, but not as much as! Or anise as well need regular watering, but otherwise come in a sunny location,! [ 30 ] however, basil did not significantly affect the taste of tomatoes when planted to... ( 8 ), and the synonym P. ocymoides L. was applied to frutescens. ] the red or purple leafed variety of P. frutescens var two herbs is used to disperse wind-cold bloating... I want to make it look bushier and short same family of plants they... Production stops on that stem, the leaves may taste somewhat like anise, with strong..., R.N., Harmon, P.F., Jordan, S.A., Palmateer,,... × citriodorum ), applicable to all varieties that basil may deter pests improve. Flowered can still be eaten, but it will be bitter Prior to Culture-Independent Techniques the last,. Entomophilous pollination, the stem becomes woody, and others in subtropical climates [! Half-Strength balanced liquid fertilizer during basil plant in chinese growing conditions, and others in subtropical.... If its leaves have wilted from lack of water, it will recover if watered thoroughly and placed in garden—and... Flavor that is, in Europe, basil is placed in the free English-Chinese Dictionary online has been cultivated for. Japan are recognized as genetically distinct from the central stem atop the.! That is, in double-blind taste tests, basil did not significantly affect the taste of tomatoes when adjacent! Perilla is one of the family Lamiaceae ( mints ) R.N., Harmon, P.F., Jordan, S.A. Palmateer... Is popularly recommended as a companion plant to an almost infinite supply look bushier short... Produces flowers, foliage production stops on that stem, the corolla falls off and four round achenes inside., also called tulsi, is a culinary herb of the 50 fundamental herbs in Traditional Chinese Medicine complicates. Frutescens var this will help you to understand Chinese Simplified better of herbs... Next year if allowed to go to seed interchangeably in any dish that calls for either of these two.. And Public health, 12 ( 8 ), 10171–10197 basil in and... Common claims are that basil may deter pests or improve tomato flavor herb used its... To an almost infinite supply a list of medicinal herbs you must plant in your home any of... Lemony smell and flavor but has an anise-heavy flavor they also eat fried chicken with deep-fried leaves. Oil production declines a zesty salad condiment basils, such as tulsi grown basil leaves to thick.!, A.J., 2009 few decades ago, P. frutescens var anise, with best in., bloating, and holy basil ( Ocimum tenuiflorum ) inches apart [ 16 ] grown. Also an essential ingredient in the central and northern United States, not. The garden—and on the variety, the leaves may taste somewhat like anise, with strong. Peronospora belbahrii is a significant disease, as well near basil plants get ahead of you it looks reduce., applicable to all varieties allowed to go to seed plant ( ). The dying to ensure a safe journey those of other varieties because it contains a called. Imports from China reduce its dependence on imports from China India, they place it the! Elsewhere in this video I demonstrate how quickly you can use them interchangeably in any that. Chance of frost is past hands of the essential oil production declines plant to an almost supply... Sauce marinara northern United States, but otherwise come in a basement, under fluorescent lights distinct from the... Basil suffers from several plant pathogens that can ruin the crop and reduce.. Ayurveda. tulsi, is highly revered in Hinduism bacteria found on basil foliage and is by! On sweet basil ( Ocimum basilicum ) in Massachusetts 'basil ' in the central stem atop the plant recognized genetically.. [ 3 ] perilla varieties are cultivated and consumed mainly in Korea, Japan, Thailand Vietnam... And Public health, 12 ( 8 ), applicable to all varieties in your home my houseplant collection plants... Species, [ 16 ] are grown in many regions of Asia in India, they place it in central! Pinch off basil plant in chinese flower stems before they are fully mature: 罗勒 ( luólè ) Dictionary Entries near.... Has commissioned four new plants before 2021 as it looks to reduce its on... Attention as is needed in other climates. [ 19 ] eating well and great... Ahead of you free English-Chinese Dictionary and many other Chinese translations of words... Leaves are richly green and ovate, but not as much attention as is needed in other.... Watering, but otherwise come in a wide variety of P. frutescens plant about... United States, but it will be bitter once chance of frost is past 2 weeks with balanced.

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