They were stripped off their uniforms in the presence of the entire Indian crowd. It was an extreme effort made by Indians, but they failed due to certain reasons including mutual jealousies, disunity, and lack of central leadership etc. 4.06.73 b. The main causes of the War were political, social, economical, military and religious. It was admittedly a great and courageous effort by patriotic Indians to get rid of the foreign domination. 3) The Revolt of 1857 started as a mutiny of the sepoys. He died on April 27, 1858, leaving behind a glorious record of valour and bravery. The grease was made of fat of cow and pig. The revolt left an impression on the minds of the Indian people and thus paved the way for the rise of a strong national movement. General Sir Huge Rose attacked Jhansi in March 1858 but the brave Rani Laxmi Bai kept the British General unnerved for quite some time. The Immediate Cause The atmosphere was so surcharged that even a small issue could lead to revolt. In order to regain Delhi, Sir John Lawrence sent a strong British force commanded by John Nicholson. The Immediate Cause The atmosphere was so surcharged that even a small issue could lead to revolt. Q.3- The greased cartridges given to the Indian soldiers was made of what? The last Mughal Emperor, Bahadur Shah Zafar, was blamed for the revolt (though he played little role in it). Dry tinder-box was there and only The grease used included tallow supplied by the Indian firm of Gangadarh Banerji & Co. By January, the rumours were abroad that the Enfield cartridges were greased with animal fat. The Revolt of 1857 was sparked because of the use of greased cartridges. 10th May 1857 : Ninety sepoys of 3rd Native Regiment at Meerut revolted on the issue of the greased cartridges. ADVERTISEMENTS: Various causes were responsible for the Revolt of 1857. A rumour spread that the cartridges of the new Enfield rifles were greased with the fat of cows and pigs. The sepoy named Mangal Pandey attacked and killed his adjutant. Late Jan 1857: rumors started to circulate among sepoys in Dum Dum near Calcutta that the cartridges of new Enfield Rifle introduced to replace old Brown Bess musket has been greased with cow & pig fat This confirmed the sepoys old suspicion about the conspiracy to destroy their religion & caste and convert them to Christianity. The episode of greased cartridges, however, was a big enough issue to start the rebellion on its own. (a) They are not allowed to go out of their states. The Revolt of 1857 was sparked because of the use of greased cartridges. He was arrested and hanged to death on April 8, 1857. For more articles , you can click here. It was too much of a disgrace and this incident sent a wave of indignation. Though the revolt failed in its objective, even in failure it served a grand purpose. The revolt of 1857 started on 10 th May when the Company’s Indian soldiers at Meerut rebelled. 4.06.73 b. A fierce battle was fought between the British and the revolutionaries under Rani Laxmi Bai and Tantya Tope from June 11 to June 1 8, 1 858 A. D. But the personal velour of Rani and Tantya Tope could not match the resources at the command of the British. The company also tried to undermine the caste system, which seemed inherently unfair to post-Enlightenment British sensibilities. The episode of greased cartridges, however, was a big enough issue to start the rebellion on its own. The Revolt ended the rule of the _____ _____ _____ _____. The cartridges had to be bitten off by mouth before loading. In Bihar, the Revolt was led by Kunwar Singh, a zamindar of Jagdishpur. The Company had upgraded to the new Pattern 1853 Enfield rifle, which used greased paper cartridges. The War of Independence is an important landmark in the history of Sub-Continent. On 26 February 1857 the 19th Bengal Native Infantry(BNI) regiment became concerned that new cartridges they had been issued were wrapped in paper greased with cow and pig fat, which had to be opened by mouth thus affecting their religious sensibilities. Major Events of the revolt of 1857 2nd February 1857 – Revolt of the 19th foot regiment at Behrampur. After their trial and execution, entire garrison in Meerut revolted and raised the cry of Delhi … point with regard to the 1857 challenge, however, was that both the military and civilian revolts merged and this made it really formidable. My dear friend At this conjuncture I believe that the reasons for the Revolt of 1857 is indeed many, the prime and the most important one being the religious sentiments being hurt. Though he was eighty years old, he played a prominent part in the revolt. Match the following: A: B: 1. The Revolt: Mangal Pandey. The Chief Commissioner, Sir Henry Lawrence, sought refuge with 1000 English and 700 Indian soldiers inside the Residency. Meerut: April 24, 1857, was a Friday. This rebellion was a major anti-colonial movement against the aggressive imperialist policies of the British. SPREAD OF REVOLT: On 29th March, 1857, the Brahmin sepoy, Mangal Pandey of Barrackpore refused to use the greased cartridge and fired at his adjutant. The East India Company forbade certain religious practices and traditions, including sati—the practice of killing widows on the death of their husbands—to the outrage of many Hindus. At the same time, an Indian sepoy killed two British officers at Barrackpore, when he was forced to use greased cartridges. Diffusion of 1857 Revolt. A rumour spread that the cartridges of the new Enfield rifles were greased with the fat of cows and pigs. Dry tinder-box was there and only 29 March 1857 – The sepoys at Barrackpore refused to use the fat greased cartridges. 1D77H6RFKHX8 \ PDF ~ The Greased Cartridge: The Heroes and Villains of 1857-58 The Greased Cartridge: The Heroes and Villains of 1857-58 Filesize: 6.05 MB Reviews It is great and fantastic. The immediate cause of the Indian Revolt of 1857, or Sepoy Mutiny, was a seemingly minor change in the weapons used by the British East India Company's troops. THE REVOLT OF 1857. Series of local risings & civil disturbances was not a rare occurrence in British India . The Revolt of 1857 eventually broke out over the incident of greased cartridges. They were courtmartialled and sentenced to ten years rigorous The Indians believed, quite reasonably, that their religions were under attack by the East India Company. Nana Saheb (a) confiscation of Jagirs: 2. Causes of 1857 Revolt The issue of greased cartridges and military grievances has been over-emphasized, as the factor for the Revolt of 1857. I actually have read and so i am certain that i am going to going to go through once again yet again in the future. The cartridges had to be bitten off by mouth before loading. The Revolt began at Meerut, ... On 24 April 1857, ninety men of the 3rd Native Cavalry refused to accept the greased cartridges. This War was fought in 1857 by Indians against the British in order to get rid of their domination. In May 1857, 85 sepoys of 3rd cavalry at Meerut rebelled but were imprisoned. On 9 May 1857,85 Indian soldiers in Meerut were dismissed and sentenced to 10 years imprisonment for refusing to accept the greased cartridges. The previous evening, the sepoys had taken an oath not to touch the cartridges. point with regard to the 1857 challenge, however, was that both the military and civilian revolts merged and this made it really formidable. The revolt of 1857 was supposed to have started on May 31, 1857 as decided. The unrest soon spread to other army divisions and towns across north and central India. Diffusion of 1857 Revolt. Major Events of the revolt of 1857 2nd February 1857 – Revolt of the 19th foot regiment at Behrampur. But when he heard about inhuman attitude of Gen. O’Neil towards Indians, he became very furious and killed all the British. Rejecting the issue of greased cartridges as the cause of the rebellion, he wondered whether it was not a national revolt, a ‘great and formidable rebellion.’ Official writings about 1857 revolt set the trend for imperialist historiography. The sepoys' revolt began in Meerut, the first area to receive the new weapons. Printed Pages: 168. The grease was composed of fat taken from beef and pig. Causes of 1857 Revolt. The roots of the 1857 revolt lay in Blatantly discriminatory policies, exploitative land revenue policy and the policy of greased cartridges. One cannot but admire the patriotic spirit of boatmen of Lucknow who refused to carry British soldiers across the river. At last, the Commander-in-Chief General Collin Campbell, marched towards Lucknow and captured it after a fierce battle in March 1858. On 10th May 1857, the Indian soldiers at Meerut broke into open revolt. a. Rani Laxmibai of Jhansi b. TantiyaTope c. Nana Saheb d. Bahadur Shah Zafar. (d) Greased Cartridges. 29 March 1857 – The sepoys at Barrackpore refused to use the fat greased cartridges. OR Question - Years after the Battle of Plassey, anger against the oppressive British Government took the form of a rising that shook the foundations of British rule in India. The Indian soldiers were forced to work where their religious beliefs were antagonistic. Queen Victoria became the Empress of India. The Greased Cartridges supplied for new Enfield Rifels was the immediate cause for the Revolt of 1857. The British government took direct control of the half of India that the Company had been ruling, while various Indian princes remained in nominal control of the other half. The 34 Native Infantry was disbanded and sepoys guilty of rebellion were punished. The roots of the 1857 revolt lay in Blatantly discriminatory policies, exploitative land revenue policy and the policy of greased cartridges. a. These 85 soldiers were court-martialled and imprisoned for 10 years. Finally, Indians—regardless of class, caste, or religion—felt oppressed and disrespected by the agents of the British East India Company. I, on the other hand, have shown through several different sources that the greased cartridges were indeed the essential point in the Indian Mutiny of 1857, and therefore the main cause. This news spread as fast as jungle fire. greased cartridge, and shot down his sergeant. The immediate cause of the Revolt was the issue of the _____ _____. 4) The immediate cause of the Revolt was the issue of greased cartridges. After a long siege of four months, the British recovered Delhi in September 1857 A.D. The 1857 Revolt was sparked off by the episode of the greased cartridges. A general sense of racial superiority among the British fueled Indian anger across the country. … Click to see full answer The Indian soldiers were introduced to the new Enfield Rifle for the first time. II. The Indian soldiers were forced to work where their religious beliefs were antagonistic. In their opinion, the discontented sepoys were incited by the landlords and the deposed native princes and the people of India were not directly involved in this rebellion. I, on the other hand, have shown through several different sources that the greased cartridges were indeed the essential point in the Indian Mutiny of 1857, and therefore the main cause. Its cartridges consisted of a.577 inch ball projectile and a charge of gun powder propellant wrapped in waterproofed cartridge paper. 2. Immediate causes for the Revolt of 1857 was the greased cartridges supplied for the new Enfield Rifles. The revolt of 1857 began on religious note. On 24 April 1857, some soldiers stationed at Meerut also refused to use the cartridges. The immediate cause of the Indian Revolt of 1857, or Sepoy Mutiny, was a seemingly minor change in the weapons used by the British East India Company's troops. To load it, the sepoys had to bite off the ends of lubricated cartridges. The new Enfield rifle had been introduced for the first time in the Indian army. This rebellion was a major anti-colonial movement against the aggressive imperialist policies of the British. REVOLT OF 1857 The Indian ... greased cartridge production was initiated at Fort William, Calcutta, following a British design. In fact, Britain reacted to the rebellion by taking even firmer control of the "crown jewel" of its empire. Fat of the hen b. The Mughal Emperor, Bahadur Shah Zafar, was proclaimed Emperor of India. On the 9th of May this year the 160th anniversary of the revolt of 1857 passed off as quietly as during the preceding years. The Indians did not make any concession and killed most of the Englishmen, including Sir Henry Lawrence and the notorious English General O’Neil. Company officials who abused or even murdered Indians were seldom punished properly: Even if they were tried, they were rarely convicted, and those who were convicted could avoid punishment by filing endless appeals. General Havelock captured Kanpur after defeating Nana Sahib in a hotly contested battle on June 17, 1857. Q.3- The greased cartridges given to the Indian soldiers was made of what? the problem of greased cartridges in India in the time of the revolt of 1857 was..... because the greased catridges were made up of beaf of cows and pork of pigs. Large landholders in northern India also rose up, since the British East India Company had confiscated land and redistributed it to the peasantry. Thus, by making one small change to its munitions, the British managed to greatly offend both Hindu and Muslim soldiers. The British government exiled him to Rangoon, Burma. It began on 10 May 1857 at Meerut, as a mutiny of sepoys of the British East India Company's army. The main event which became the immediate cause of the war was the refusal of the Sepoys to use the grease covered cartridges (greased with fat of pig and cow) on January 23, 1857. Its cartridges had a greased cover which had to be bitten off before loading the cartridge in the rifle. 7. THE REVOLT OF 1857. They released their companions and murdered a few European officers. They further assert that it was not a national war of independence, in as much as the revolt was confined to a particular region and not to the whole of India; large areas like the Punjab, Sind and Rajputana remained unaffected. The revolt of 1857 began on religious note. THE REVOLT OF 1857 INTRODUCTION THE REVOLT OF 1857 INTRODUCTION INDIA IN 1857 One hundred years after the Battle of Plassey in 1757, the smouldering embers of resentment and anger against the unjust, exploitative and oppressive British government exploded into flames and shook the very foundation of the British rule in India. Thus, out of the 90 sepoys, 85 troops refused to use them. Its cartridges consisted of a .577 inch ball projectile and a charge of gun powder propellant wrapped in waterproofed cartridge paper. ADVERTISEMENTS: Various causes were responsible for the Revolt of 1857. The revolt was the conscious beginning of the Independence struggle against the Britishers that began on May 10, 1857, at Meerut as sepoy mutiny which was was initiated by sepoys in the Bengal Presidency against the British officers. Both Hindu and Muslim sepoys refused to use them. Tantya Tope was betrayed by the Gwalior Chief Man Singh and fell into the hands of the British. The issue of greased cartridges and military grievances has been over-emphasized, as the factor for the Revolt of 1857. The 34 Native Infantry was disbanded and sepoys guilty of rebellion were punished. The British government disbanded the British East India Company and took direct control of India, bringing an end to the Mughal Empire. The main event which became the immediate cause of the war was the refusal of the Sepoys to use the grease covered cartridges (greased with fat of pig and cow) on January 23, 1857. The Indian soldiers were introduced to the new Enfield Rifle for the first time. Its cartridges had a greased paper cover whose end had to be bitten off before the cartridge was loaded into the rifle. https://mocomi.com/ presents: The Sepoy MutinyThe Indian soldiers who fought for the British were among the first to revolt against them too. Comment. They were stripped off their uniforms in the presence of the entire Indian crowd. On 9 May 1857, eighty five of them were dismissed, sentenced to 10 years’ imprisonment, and put into fetters. 6. Dr. Kallie Szczepanski is a history teacher specializing in Asian history and culture. Some time in February 1857, a curious occurrence took place. Question 10. Who was the Indian rulers under the Doctrine of Lapse introduced by Lord Dalhousie? A Chowkeydar ran up to another village with two chupatties. This sparked off a general mutiny among the Indian soldiers stationed at Meerut. On the night of 10th May the mutineers marched to Delhi and reached there on 11th May. 6. revolt failed in its objective, even in failure it served a grand purpose. In addition, British officers and missionaries began to preach Christianity to the Hindu and Muslim sepoys. But the Merrut incidence led to early breaking of the revolt on (a) May 10, 1857 (b) May 17, 1857 (c) May 21, 1857 (d) May 27, 1857. The main event which became the immediate cause of the war was the refusal of the Sepoys to use the grease covered cartridges (greased with fat of pig and cow) on January 23, 1857. The previous evening, the sepoys had taken an oath not to touch the cartridges. Col Carmichael Smith, commandant of the 3rd Bengal Light Cavalry Regiment, had ordered 90 sepoys to assemble and use the disputed “greased cartridges”. In May 1857, 85 sepoys of 3rd cavalry at Meerut rebelled but were imprisoned. She with the help of Tantya Tope created problems for the British troops. A rumour spread among the sepoys that the grease used to lubricate the cartridges was a mixture of pigs’ and cows’ lard; thus, to have oral contact with it was an insult to both Muslims and Hindus. Canning tried to make amends for the error and the offending cartridges were withdrawn, … This suppressed discontent bursted out with the use of greased cartridges in the Enfield Rifles. By the time the rebellion was over, hundreds of thousands—possibly millions—of people had been killed, and India was changed forever. Indian Rebellion of 1857: Siege of Lucknow, Seven Years' War: Major General Robert Clive, 1st Baron Clive, Biography of Tipu Sultan, the Tiger of Mysore, India's secret history: 'A holocaust, one where millions disappeared, J.D., University of Washington School of Law, B.A., History, Western Washington University. He was arrested, tried and executed. On 10th May 1857, the Indian soldiers at Meerut broke into open revolt. Meerut: April 24, 1857, was a Friday. Q.2- When did the Revolt of 1857 started? The Sepoys in the East India Company were first issued with the Enfield Pattern 1853 rifle-musket in 1857. It would be another 90 years before the people of India (and Pakistan) gained their independence. This seizure of power initiated a period of rule known as the British Raj. Bentinck and Dalhousie (b) exiled to Rangoon: 3. It was too much of a disgrace and this incident sent a wave of indignation. Political, social, economic, military and other factors contributed to the making of the Revolt of 1857. Unfortunately, the Indian Revolt of 1857 did not result in freedom for India. In order to open the cartridges and load the rifles, soldiers (known as sepoys) had to bite into the paper and tear it with their teeth. Their Colonel confronted them supported by artillery and cavalry on the parade ground, but after some negotiation withdrew the artillery, and cancelled the next … The Mutiny spread rapidly in eastern and northern India. The struggle for independence at Lucknow was led by Nawab, Wajid Ali Shah. Several months of increasing tensions coupled with various incidents preceded the actual rebellion. Col Carmichael Smith, commandant of the 3rd Bengal Light Cavalry Regiment, had ordered 90 sepoys to assemble and use the disputed “greased cartridges”. Musket cartridges circa 1858 The Sepoys in the East India Company were first issued with the Enfield Pattern 1853 rifle-musket in 1857. The Indian revolt lasted until June 1858. 5) The Revolt ended the rule of … In January 1857,British introduced a new cartridge of en-field rifle greased with pig and cow fats, soldiers had to chew it before use. In August, the passage of the Government of India Act dissolved the British East India Company. The Revolt of 1857 started as a _____ of the sepoys. The Greased Cartridge: The Heroes and Villains of 1857-58 (English Edition) eBook: E. Jaiwant Paul: Amazon.de: Kindle-Shop It was called the Sepoy Mutiny by the British. The course of the Revolt: The Sepoys brokeout into open revolt at Meerut in April 1857. This war was not spread throughout India but it was limited to few areas mainly Meerut, Delhi, Kanpur, Lucknow etc. When the atmosphere was surcharged with an anti-British feeling the episode of the greased cartridges provided the spark which turned it into a conflagration. The Revolt of 1857 eventually broke out over the incident of greased cartridges. On 9 May 1857, they were severely punished for this. He ordered his fellow … (d) Greased Cartridges. The Beginning :-29th March 1857 : First spark of revolt at Barrackpore in Bengal where Mangal Pandey killed the British adjutant and was later hanged for firing on senior officers. The Revolt of 1857 The sepoys, Hindu as well as Muslim, were enraged, as the use of the greased cartridges would endanger their religion. The revolt of 1857, which the British call the Indian Mutiny but many Indians prefer to think of as the First War of Independence, was the defining event in British imperial history. She has taught at the high school and university levels in the U.S. and South Korea. Posted on 02.11.2020 by kubuz. Causes of the Failure of the War of Independence. Though the revolt was unsuccessful, the spirit of the people remained unshaken. Immediate causes for the Revolt of 1857 was the greased cartridges supplied for the new Enfield Rifles. Its cartridges had a greased cover which had to be bitten off before loading the cartridge in the rifle. Rumors began to spread in 1856 that the grease on the cartridges was made from a mixture of beef tallow and pork lard. Q.4- Who was the leader of the Revolt of 1857? a. The revolutionaries reached from Meerut to Delhi on 11th May, 1857 and the small British garrison at Delhi was not able to resist and consequently fell into their hands within 2 days. This sparked off a general mutiny among the Indian soldiers stationed at Meerut. It was called the Sepoy Mutiny by the British. At the same time, an Indian sepoy killed two British officers at Barrackpore, when he was forced to use greased cartridges. SPREAD OF REVOLT: On 29th March, 1857, the Brahmin sepoy, Mangal Pandey of Barrackpore refused to use the greased cartridge and fired at his adjutant. The revolt of 1857 was supposed to have started on May 31, 1857 as decided. The sepoys and the people fought gallantly up to the very end. This suppressed discontent bursted out with the use of greased cartridges in the Enfield Rifles. Thus, out of the 90 sepoys, 85 troops refused to use them. a. He fought the British in Bihar and then joined Nana Sahib’s forces and took part in various encounters with the English in Oudh and Central India. This was an attempt by the British to control royal succession in the princely states that were nominally independent from the British. The Company had upgraded to the new Pattern 1853 Enfield rifle, which used greased paper cartridges. Hindu and Muslim sepoys (c) adopted son of Peshwa Baji Rao lI: 4. This book is essentially about the heroes - Tatya Tope, Nana Saheb, Rani Lakshmi Bai, Kunwar Singh of Jagdishpur - and not to forget, a few villains. In order to open the cartridges and load the rifles, soldiers (known as sepoys) had to bite into the paper and tear it with their teeth. It was a source of inspiration for the national liberation movement, which later achieved what the revolt could not. Most of the European historians have pointed out that it was a revolt of Indian soldiers who were offended at the use of greased cartridges. This article deals with ‘ Revolt of 1857 – UPSC.’ This is part of our series on ‘Modern History’ which is important pillar of GS-1 syllabus . Fat of the dog c. Fat of the goat and the sheep d. Fat of cow and pig. The Indian Rebellion of 1857 is also called the Indian Mutiny, the Sepoy Mutiny, North India's First War of Independence or North India's first struggle for independence. The Mughal Emperor Bahadur Shah Zafar was captured, his two sons and a grandson were shot dead before his eyes and he was sent to Rangoon where he died in the year 1862 A. D. At Kanpur the struggle for Independence was led by Nana Sahib Dondu Pant (The adopted son of Peshwa Baji Rao II). A number of British fell into his hands and he showed great kindness to them. Instead of relying heavily on Bengali troops from the Punjab, the British began to recruit soldiers from the "martial races"—those considered particularly warlike, including the Gurkhas and the Sikhs. Limited to few areas mainly Meerut, Delhi, Kanpur, Lucknow etc 18, 1859 occurred during the of... And bloodiest conflict against any European greased cartridges revolt of 1857 power during the viceroyalty of Lord Canning a general mutiny the! 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