Suspended particles vary in source, charge, particle size, shape, and density. When mixing continues, the floc size gradually increases. Flocculation is gentle stirring or agitation to encourage the particles thus formed to agglomerate into masses large enough to settle or be filtered from solution. Therefore it requires the addition of a coagulant. Coagulation is an important phenomenon in the clotting of blood. What is the difference between flocculation and Deflocculation? The polymer will then provide the base for the settling of the particles and eventually it will grow into a floc or flake attracting the particles out of the suspension. Coagulation involves the use of a coagulant which has the potential to de-stabilize the previously stabilized charged particles in the suspension. Furthermore, the speed of mixing, the time of mixing etc. 2. Flocculation is synonymous with agglomeration and coagulation / coalescence. Degree in Plant Science, M.Sc. Flocculation: Physical processes such as mixing is used as a technique in flocculation. A suspension is different to a solution as it doesn’t have a continuous phase. Material for this article was largely taken from reference1.Coagulation and flocculation are essential processes in various disciplines. Coagulation is an important step in water treatment and it involves in the addition of a coagulant to enhance the clotting of suspended particles in water. During the flocculation procedure, the solution which is coagulated already is mixed gently. Coagulation means to curdle; it basically refers to a chemical process in which the destabilization of non-settleable particles takes place. This is the key difference between coagulation and flocculation. November 30, 2012 by admin 2 Comments. In industrial processes, flocculation may be a A: There’s a difference between coagulation and flocculation, and the mechanism that causes particles to aggregate and come together so that they can be filtered or settled. Coagulation, flocculation and agglutination are terms that usually cause confusion. Coagulation is the neutralization of the electronic charge on suspended particles. clump together and settle out of the water, unless proper coagulation and flocculation is used. This allows the increment of the size of the coagulated clumps which are submicroscopic microflocs to a stage where they appear as visible suspended particles. As early as 2000 BC the Egyptians used almonds smeared around vessels to clarify river water. (Public Domain) via Commons Wikimedia  Meanwhile, flocculation is a mixing technique that promotes agglomeration and assists in the settling of particles. This knowledge will provide a basis for understanding the needs of the In coagulation, the process involves the utilization of a coagulant that has the ability to destabilize the charged particles which are nonsettlable whilst flocculation involves a similar destabilization process that is achieved through physical mixing and by adding organic polymers. Once flocculation is completed, the water is eligible to undergo separation processes. Difference Between Coagulation and Flocculation, Difference Between Primary and Secondary Cells. Coagulation and flocculation process in water treatment. These particles form clumps with the help of a coagulant. Coagulation and Flocculation LOKESH SAINI M.Tech-I´st Semester Student ID 2015PCE5271 3/31/2016 1 2. 5. Coagulation means to curdle; it basically refers to a chemical process in which the destabilization of non-settleable particles takes place. Figure 02: Drinking Water Purification Process. Thus, in terms of water treatment, both can be differentiated easily. Flocculation is completed once the floc reaches its optimum strength and size. Coagulation, Flocculation and Clarification of Drinking Water Terry L. Engelhardt Application Development Manager Drinking Water Hach Company Photo by author The intent of this paper is to provide cursory information about coagulation, flocculation and clarification. Basically, coagulation is a process of addition of coagulant to destabilize a stabilized charged particle. Available here, 1.’The coagulation and filtration processes at a drinking water treatment plant. Please download PDF version here Difference Between Coagulation and Flocculation in Water Treatment, 1.“Flocculants & Coagulants.” ChemTreat. 1 CE 370 Coagulation and Flocculation Part 2 Rapid Mixing and Flocculation ¾Rapid mixing is used to: −Disperse chemicals uniformly throughout the mixing basin −Allow adequate contact between the coagulant and particles −Microflocs are produced ¾Flocculation is … Meanwhile, flocculation is a mixing technique that promotes agglomeration and assists in the settling of particles. But a suspension accommodates a dispersed phase within the continuous phase and the dispersed phase is generally made of microscopic particles which are not soluble in the continuous phase. These particles form clumps with the help of a coagulant. All rights reserved. This is the difference between coagulation and flocculation. 1. Compare the Difference Between Similar Terms. These are also referred to as coagulant aids. Large, heavy particles settle out readily, but smaller and lighter particles settle very slowly or in some cases do not settle at all. Coagulation is a chemical process and flocculation is a physical process, In coagulation, the process involves the utilization of a coagulant that has the ability to destabilize the charged particles which are not settleable whilst flocculation involves a similar destabilization process that is achieved through physical mixing and by adding organic polymers. Flocculant such as an organic polymer that involves in bridging and strengthening the flocs is added. Continue Reading. In contrast, in flocculation, the de-stabilization is brought about by physical techniques such as mixing of the solution, and also sometimes by the addition of polymers. This causes the clumping of particles. Main Difference – Flocculation vs Precipitation. 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Flocculation involves the formation of flocs. Summary. If coagulation is incomplete, flocculation step will be unsuccessful, and if flocculation is incomplete, sedimentation will be unsuccessful… Both processes involve the union of different suspended particles together. This is then followed by sedimentation (see Sedimentation Chapter). “Alum Whilte” By Miansari66 – Own work (Public Domain) via Commons Wikimedia, “Flocculation4” By Brittany2442 – Own work (CC BY-SA 3.0) via Commons Wikimedia. During coagulation, the coagulant (alum) are added to destabilize the surface charge of particles in order to promote the formation of microflocs during the collision. Water treatment is an important aspect which involves many different steps. Coagulation and flocculation occurs in successive steps, allowing particle collision and growth of floc. Coagulation involves the use of a coagulant which has the potential to de-stabilize the previously stabilized charged particles in the suspension. Coagulation and Flocculation. Suspended particles vary in source, charge, particle size, shape, and density. This allows the bridging and strengthening the floc which increases the weight of floc while also increasing the rate of settling. These flocculates are easily disrupted, being held together only by a force analogous to the surface tension of a liquid. However, they can be commonly adopted for de-stabilizing any suspension system. As nouns the difference between flocculation and coagulation is that flocculation is a condition in which clays, polymers or other small charged particles become attached and form a fragile structure, a floc while coagulation is the precipitation of suspended particles as they increase in size (by any of several physical or chemical processes). Coagulation is defined as. (14868618507)’ By USEPA Environmental-Protection-Agency . What is a Colloidal Suspension     – Definition, Properties, Process, 2. Treatment of water is a very sensitive and important process. The slow mixing procedure of flocculation allows the contact of microflocs with each other which induces inter-microfloc collisions. Coagulation and flocculation are essential processes in various disciplines. What is meant by coagulation and flocculation? Coagulants such as inorganic salts of aluminum or iron that neutralize the suspended particles are added during coagulation. You can download PDF version of this article and use it for offline purposes as per citation note. Flocculation: The process of agglomeration of the destabilized particles to such a size that separation by sedimentation and filtration is possible. During coagulation, coagulant is added to clump the particles together. These salts have the ability to hydrolyze the particles to insoluble precipitates which entraps the particles together. One of the commonest coagulants used is alum (Al2(SO4)3.14H2O). in Molecular and Applied Microbiology, and PhD in Applied Microbiology. Flocculation and precipitation both refer to the massing of small particles into a large particle. The precipitation process can generate very fine particles that are held in suspension by electrostatic surface charges. Coagulation and flocculation provide the water treat-ment process by which finely divided suspended and colloidal matter in the water is made to agglomerate and form flocs. What is Coagulation in Water Treatment Coagulation, Flocculation and Clarification of Drinking Water Terry L. Engelhardt Application Development Manager Drinking Water Hach Company Photo by author The intent of this paper is to provide cursory information about coagulation, flocculation and clarification. Coagulants and Flocculation In the precipitation process, chemical precipitants, coagulants, and flocculantation are used to increase particle size through aggregation. This neutralizes the charge on different particles which are nonsettleable which includes clay and other organic substances suspended in water that increases the turbidity water. Groundwater and surface water contain both dissolved and suspended particles. Coagulation involves the use of a coagulant which has the potential to de-stabilize the previously stabilized charged particles in the suspension. Coagulation is a process of making colloidal matter dispersed/suspended in a liquid to join in a coherent mass. Basically, coagulation is a process of addition of coagulant to destabilize a stabilized charged particle. This article provides an overview of the processes and looks at the latest thinking. In an international report published in 1998, it was found that coagulation and sedimentation can only remove between 27 and 84 percent of viruses and between … Flocculation is another important step in water treatment and it involves in the formation of visible flocs by mechanical or physical mixing. Similarities Between Coagulation and Flocculation in Water Treatment This is mainly achieved through the physical and mechanical process that is involved with the already coagulated clumps to join together. Side by Side Comparison – Coagulation vs Flocculation in Water Treatment in Tabular Form In contrast, in flocculation, the de-stabilization is brought about by physical techniques such as mixing of the solution, and also sometimes by the addition of polymers. This usually takes an hour depending on the size of the medium. Difference Between Coagulation and Flocculation in Water Treatment www.differencebetween.com Key Difference - Coagulation vs Flocculation in Water Treatment Water treatment is an important aspect which involves many different steps. Flocculation, in physical chemistry, separation of solid particles from a liquid to form loose aggregations or soft flakes. These anti-coagulants are often used to ease blood clots to prevent artery blockage. What is the difference between Coagulation and Flocculation. Aggregation is a see also of flocculation. It means that these particles should not settle or it should take a very long time to settle. Coagulation and flocculation steps are important aspects in the context of drinking and wastewater treatment since it allows the separation of suspended particles present in water effectively. 1. This step is followed by flocculation. Figure 01: Coagulation in Water Treatment. This is an important step in many different biochemical processes. Because of this, the sedimentation step is usually preceded by a chemical process known as coagulation. Difference Between Hexane and Cyclohexane, Difference Between Ductility and Malleability, What is the Difference Between Chia and Basil Seeds, What is the Difference Between Soy and Paraffin Wax, What is the Difference Between Red and White Miso, What is the Difference Between Bamboo and Cotton Sheets, What is the Difference Between Nylon and Polyester Carpet, What is the Difference Between Running Shoes and Gym Shoes. Flocculation is synonymous with agglomeration and coagulation / coalescence. 3/31/2016 2 Why coagulation and flocculation? Overview and Key Difference Coagulation: Coagulation is a chemical process. Melani Maria has a BSc (Hons) degree in Chemistry and doing her Masters, specializing in Perfumery and Business. Large, heavy particles settle out readily, but smaller and lighter particles settle very slowly or in some cases do not settle at all. While coagulation can remove particles and some dissolved matter, the water may still contain pathogens. When the preceding process, in this case flocculation and/or settling, becomes insufficient, subsequent rapid filtration can be used to ensure a high quality of the effluent treated. Coagulation and flocculation are used to separate the suspended solids portion from the water. Coagulation is a chemical process and flocculation is a physical process, In coagulation, the process involves the utilization of a coagulant that has the ability to destabilize the charged particles which are not settleable whilst flocculation involves a similar destabilization process that is achieved through physical mixing and by adding organic polymers. A colloidal suspension can be broken down by bringing the colloids together. But there are differences between the two terms. 6. While coagulation can remove particles and some dissolved matter, the water may still contain pathogens. Flocculation: The flocculant is often a polymer which induces the settling of particles and eventually grows into larger flake. In flocculation one can make a distinction between perikinetic and On the other hand, flocculation means to form flocs. Small particles are called as colloidal particles and their size being less than 10-6. 1. The key difference between coagulation and flocculation in water treatment is that the coagulation is a chemical process while flocculation is a physical process. It also increase the weight of the flocs and increases the rate of settling. The process of aggregation of many small particles into a few large ones. Water supply system - Water supply system - Coagulation and flocculation: Suspended particles cannot be removed completely by plain settling. Basically, coagulation is a process of addition of coagulant to destabilize a stabilized charged particle. Coagulation, in simple terms, is referred to as curdling or clotting. These large clumps easily settle down and thus can be separated. Particles in water, such as clay, usually have a negative charge. Coagulation does not involve physical mixing process. Coagulation. Hence, coagulation is commonly known as clotting. 4. Coagulation: The coagulant is often a salt and breaks down to release charges. Because of this, the sedimentation step is usually preceded by a chemical process known as coagulation. After coagulation the destabilized particles can collide, aggregate so flocs can be formed. But these particles are not visible to the naked eye. This is achieved by adding a coagulant that possesses an opposite charge to that of the suspended solids. After coagulation the destabilized particles can collide, aggregate so flocs can be formed. 2.’Illustration of a typical drinking water treatment process’ By CK-12 Foundation, (CC BY-SA 3.0) via Commons Wikimedia, Filed Under: Environmental Science Tagged With: Coagulation and Flocculation in Water Treatment Differences, Coagulation and Flocculation in Water Treatment Similarities, Coagulation in Water Treatment, Coagulation in Water Treatment Definition, Coagulation in Water Treatment Process, Coagulation in Water Treatment Techniques, Coagulation vs Flocculation in Water Treatment, Compare Coagulation and Flocculation in Water Treatment, Flocculation in Water Treatment, Flocculation in Water Treatment Definition, Flocculation in Water Treatment Process, Flocculation in Water Treatment Techniques. These particles form clumps with the help of a coagulant. For water treatment, coagulation is generally followed by flocculation. What is a Coagulation      – Definition, Application, 3. These joined particles are referred to as microflocs. The dispersed substance is usually referred to as ‘colloids’, and the suspension is known as a colloidal suspension. 30-08-2015 4B.TECH BIOTECHNOLOGY @media (max-width: 1171px) { .sidead300 { margin-left: -20px; } } Coagulation mostly happens in a rapid mixing tank for a few minutes. Terms of Use and Privacy Policy: Legal. Flocculation is used in water treatment plants along with coagulation techniques in order to remove suspended particles in water. Whereas in flocculation, the de-stabilization is brought about by physical techniques such as mixing of the solution, and also sometimes by the addition of polymers. 2.“Coagulation-Flocculation.” Coagulation-Flocculation | SSWM. Coagulation and flocculation occurs in successive steps, allowing particle collision and growth of floc. This process is assisted by the addition of organic polymers that possess high molecular weight. Coagulation and Flocculation Coagulation and flocculationconsist of adding a floc-forming chemical reagent to a water to enmesh or combine with nonsettleable colloidal solids and slow-settling suspended solids to produce a rapid-settling floc. It requires the presence of both physical and chemical processes. This step is called flocculation. There are three steps: 1. In the chemical aspect, it could be explained as a process by which destabilizes the charges of particles which are not settling down. This results in the formation of large masses of flocs which initially appear as a cloud and then converted into a precipitate. Home » Science » Chemistry » Difference Between Coagulation and Flocculation. This enables their removal by sedi-mentation, dissolved air flotation or filtration. What is Flocculation in Water Treatment These collisions induce the formation of bonds between microflocs and results in the formation of larger particles which are visible. As mentioned above, coagulation is a chemical process where the chemistry of a suspension needs to be changed in order to induce the settling of the particles. However, coagulation is used mainly during the water treatment procedures. This step is called flocculation. Flocculation:  Flocculation is a physical process. In an international report published in 1998, it was found that coagulation and sedimentation can only remove between 27 and 84 percent of viruses and between … Coagulation and flocculation are two processes commonly used in water treatment in order to get rid of unwanted suspended material in water. In flocculation one can make a distinction between perikinetic and Agglomeration is defined as, ‘a process where assemblages are formed in order to de-stabilize suspensions’. Coagulation and flocculation are essential processes in various disciplines. Flocculation allows forming floc in quiescence (slow). Restoration of water quality is assured during water treatment. Coagulation and flocculation are an essential part of drinking water treatment as well as wastewater treatment. The floc is subsequently removed in most cases by sedimentation. She was an Assistant Lecturer in Chemistry and has extensive experience in fragrance development management. Coagulation and flocculation are two main and important steps in drinking and wastewater treatment. The coagulant reacts with the particles or colloids in the suspension and imbalances its chemical charge. 1 CE 370 Coagulation and Flocculation Part 2 Rapid Mixing and Flocculation ¾Rapid mixing is used to: −Disperse chemicals uniformly throughout the mixing basin −Allow adequate contact between the coagulant and particles −Microflocs are produced ¾Flocculation is … The addition of organic polymers results in different aspects. Since water treatment is a very sensitive and important process it requires the presence of both physical and chemical processes. Material for this article was largely taken from reference 1. Coagulation is a process used to neutralise charges and form a gelatinous mass to trap (or bridge) particles thus forming a mass large enough to settle or be trapped in the filter. 3. Particles in water, such as clay, usually have a negative charge. Coagulation and flocculation steps are important aspects in the context of water treatment since it allows the separation of suspended particles present in water effectively. Coagulation and flocculation are used to separate the suspended solids portion from the water. Flocculation: The process of agglomeration of the destabilized particles to such a size that separation by sedimentation and filtration is possible. Ppt coagulation and flocculation 1. Sedimentation : * 1 Point Can Be Before Coagulation And After Flocculation Must Be Always After Flocculation Is Placed At The End Of Water Clarification Should Be Considered Directly After Coagulation 1 Point 2. Dr.Samanthi Udayangani holds a B.Sc. Water supply system - Water supply system - Coagulation and flocculation: Suspended particles cannot be removed completely by plain settling. Examples are aluminum sulfate, aluminum chloride, alum and ferric sulfate. Coagulation could be achieved simply by adding a coagulant to the medium. (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); Copyright © 2010-2018 Difference Between. In potable water treatment, clarification of water using coagulating agents has been practiced from ancient times. The floc is subsequently removed in most cases by sedimentation. FLOCCULATION • Process where colloids come out of suspension in the form of floc or flake • Due to : 1.the addition of a clarifying agent 2.spontaneously • Occur in successive steps intended to overcome the forces • Stabilizes the suspended particles, allowing particle collision and growth of floc. What is a Flocculation     – Definition, Application, 4. 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